�Gawksholme Viaduct and Bridge�, West Yorkshire, 1845.

UNITED KINGDOM - JULY 29: Lithograph, drawn and lithographed by the American-born artist Arthur Fitzwilliam Tait (1819-1905) showing the Gauxholme viaduct on the Manchester and Leeds Railway which carries the railway across the Rochdale Canal at Todmorden, West Yorkshire. In 1837 Parliament gave permission for the building of a railway between Manchester and Leeds, and George Stephenson (1781-1848) was appointed its chief engineer. The 51 mile crossing of the Pennines was a major engineering project, involving the construction of numerous bridges, viaducts and tunnels. The railway opened for business in 1839. Printed by Day & Haghe, Lithographers to the Queen. (Photo by SSPL/Getty Images)